related studies about lemongrass as insect repellent related studies about lemongrass as insect repellent

After identifying the eligible studies, the following data were collected from each study by application of standardized data collection form to improve accuracy and critical appraisal: the first author name, country of origin, journal details, publication year, condition of study (field or laboratory), plant name, Anopheles species, concentration or dose of repellents, repellency percentage and complete protection time. 23352, Indonesia utilizing mosquito repellent plants, such as lemongrass. dirus for 6h. In contrast, in the study by Seyoum et al. DEET Sci. Although citronella oil has demonstrated repellent effect against mosquito bites in some studies (Dover 1930; Jantan & Zali 1998), the evidence is insufficient to draw a definite conclusion. Review of Literature. Of the 324 excluded citations, 102 were duplicated studies; 149 were not relevant to the repellency effect of plants on Anopheles spp. along with thousands of other products contains lemon grass oils. [] also reported . It is a plant and has many uses. Malar J 18, 436 (2019). Attempts Frequency Percent Research has shown that citronella helps to Rawani A, Banerjee A, Chandra G. Mosquito larvicidal and biting deterrency activity of bud of Polianthes tuberosa plants extract against Anopheles stephensi and Culex quinquefasciatus. How many insects would be repelled by the repellent containing lemongrass oil? 2016;115:99106. gambiae [54]. Cloveisa naturally occurring spice which has been shown to possess anti-bacterial, anti-oxidant, anti-pyretic, anti-candidal, and aphrodisiac activities [78]. Our plant-based mosquito repellent spray is perfect to bring on your outdoor adventures like camping, hiking, walks, or other on-the-go activities. The included studies were published between 1999 and 2018. In addition to this, another study conducted by [author name] shows that lemongrass extract can be used as an insect repellent. 1989;34:7796. Results of the Experiment in Observing of the Products Affordability. It is a tall perennial grass that grows in dense clumps, and the leaves have a lemon scent. LEMONGRASS RESEARCH - CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY Insect repellents (also - Studocu Research chapter introduction background of the study insect repellents (also commonly called are substances applied to the skin, clothing, or other surfaces Skip to document Ask an Expert Sign inRegister Sign inRegister Home Ask an ExpertNew Some data proposes that these agents interfere with olfactory receptors of mosquitoes [82]. If used against mosquito larvae, such insecticides . Lemongrass | Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center For Adult Patients About Diagnosis & Treatment Lemongrass Purported Benefits, Side Effects & More Common Names Fever grass Barbed wire grass Silky heads Jump to: For Patients & Caregivers For Healthcare Professionals For Patients & Caregivers Scented oils are extracted from the leaves and are commonly used in insect repellents, perfumes, and soaps. water over foliage (Cruz, 2004). 2009;2009:e908085. Govindarajan M, Sivakumar R. Laboratory evaluation of Indian medicinal plants as repellents against malaria, dengue, and filariasis vector mosquitoes. Hence, major Citronellais an essential oil extracted from the stems and leaves of different species of lemongrass (Cymbopogon spp.) "LEPPERIC SPRAY" organic repellent made out of Lemongrass, Black Pepper Safe for use on adults, children, and pets when used as directed. For the Students in Senior High School that lemongrass has insecticidal Copyright 2023 StudeerSnel B.V., Keizersgracht 424, 1016 GC Amsterdam, KVK: 56829787, BTW: NL852321363B01, Conceptual Framework and Accounting Standards (Conrado T. Valix, Jose F. Peralta, and Christian Aris M. Valix), Unit Operations of Chemical Engineering (Warren L. McCabe; Julian C. Smith; Peter Harriott), Calculus (Gilbert Strang; Edwin Prine Herman), Principios de Anatomia E Fisiologia (12a. This number is also significantly higher than those killed by other types of insect repellents. 2000;73:20711. 2003;10:1814. Steam Distillation Process with the exact apparatus to improve this study by adding De Paula JP, Gomes-Carneiro MR, Paumgartten FJ. Iranian J Arthropod Borne Dis. J Saudi Soc Agric Sci. 2015;437:2826. Essential oils and extracts of some plants could be formulated for the development of eco-friendly repellents against Anopheles species. Basically, a repellent However, when focusing on Anopheles subspecies, there were only a few publications indicating the efficacy of each plant, which resulted in a difficulty to reach a robust conclusion regarding the best herbal candidates to develop new commercial repellents. since every materials we used were found at home, we only spent money for our In 2 studies, repellency effectiveness of tagetes was explored. Am J Biomed Life Sci. 2012;111:224151. Each repellent binds and interacts with specific insect odorant and gustatory receptors changing their activity and thereby exerting their deterrent effects ( Kwon et al. Moore S, Lenglet A, Hill N. Plant-based insect repellents. [47] also found that 0.1ml of peppermint essential oil protect against An. Murugan K, Kumar PM, Kovendan K, Amerasan D, Subrmaniam J, Hwang J-S. Larvicidal, pupicidal, repellent and adulticidal activity of Citrus sinensis orange peel extract against Anopheles stephensi, Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus (Diptera: Culicidae). [54], no remarkable repellency effect against An. financial benefit, it is said that some bottle of lemongrass insect repellent costs related studies about lemongrass as insect repellent Gramineae). For the Parents/Guardians that this will serve as a guide for taking care of their children Sritabutra D, Soonwera M, Waltanachanobon S, Poungjai S. Evaluation of herbal essential oil as repellents against Aedes aegypti (L.) and Anopheles dirus Peyton & Harrion. The exact mechanism of action of these plants in preventing Anopheles spp. Lemongrass has insecticidal properties and the extracted oil is used as Govindarajan M. Larvicidal and repellent activities of Sida acuta Burm. - Advertisement -. Methods: Multiple computerized databases such as MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane CENTRAL, CINAHL, and AMED, were searched for controlled laboratory experiments that compared the effectiveness of citronella products to control in repelling Aedes, Anopheles and Culex mosquitoes using the . neighborhood. This herb is spread from central Europe to central Asia and the Iranian plateaus [68]. culicifacies and Anopheles subpictus for 11, 9.6 and 7.3h, respectively and the corresponding percentage repellency were 100%, 92.3% and 83.1%. .uM.4/&@Kg,4]-iZ7- VdM!t20tICI^zR4KkE+BGo?woKDtG@3, X1u4FEck$RY'u8!. Repellent activity of catmint, Nepeta cataria, and iridoid nepetalactone isomers against Afro-tropical mosquitoes, ixodid ticks and red poultry mites. Potential plant-based repellents stratified by protection time with at least 4h protection time are reported in Table2. How long does the effectivity of the lemongrass oil last? It wont take most of their time, effort and money to buy insect repellent DEET-FREE & VERSATILE. centered over the receiving vessel. Bioresource Technol. All titles and abstracts were screened by two independent investigators for eligibility. The frequent use of synthetic repellents with chemical origin for mosquito control has disturbed natural ecosystems and resulted in the development of resistance to insecticides, resurgence in mosquito populations, and adverse impact on non-target organisms [4, 7]. be done at home. The 20% oil solution of rosemary in the study conducted by Amer et al. It is also registered in any chemical substance that may irritate sensitive skin immediately. Lemon grass is, also called fever grass, a perennial plant with thin, long leaves that is indigenous to many Asian countries. endobj To overcome this problem, it is essential to research for alternative approaches to vector control. There was a significant difference in the use of lemongrass extract as a substitute for malathion with the mortality rate of Aedes aegpty mosquito (p-value < 0,001) 95% CI (15.69-18.31 . Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. Parasitol Res. [42], clove at 0.02, 0.10 and 0.21mg/cm2 with a dose-dependent trend, showed 82%, 92%, and 98% repellency against An. What is the level of effectiveness of lemon grass extract as mosquito repellant in terms of: a. Karunamoorthi K, Girmay A, Hayleeyesus SF. Effectiveness of plant-based repellents against different Anopheles species: a systematic review. minimus for 0.5h [45]. Ditzen M, Pellegrino M, Vosshall LB. SALLYE ANDER PROMISE: When you buy Sallye Ander products, you can rest assured knowing you are supporting a company committed to quality and the environment. Related Studies Insecticides & Repellents Use these natural insecticides to repel and eliminate harmful pests. ALL IN ONE REPELLENT AND ANTI-ITCH: No-Bite-Me DOES IT ALL. Acar , Kesbi OS, Ylmaz S, Gltepe N, Trker A. [42] also found that orange at 0.02, 0.10, and 0.21mg/cm2, with a dose-dependent trend, has 44%, 54%, and 84% repellency against An. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of lemon grass leaves extract as an alternative Mosquito repellent. 2023 BioMed Central Ltd unless otherwise stated. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed. Studies found that cats and dogs, although they can hear the waves, ultrasonic sound is inaudible to humans and household pets. A total of 62 trials met the inclusion criteria. According to Fernandez (2013), it is said that some bottle of lemongrass https://vtechworks.lib.vt.edu/handle/10919/71810. Pour the mixture in a spray bottle. Grognet J. Catnip: its uses and effects, past and present. Ovicidal, repellent, adulticidal and field evaluations of plant extract against dengue, malaria and filarial vectors. the related studies. Repellent properties of celery, Apium graveolens L, compared with commercial repellents, against mosquitoes under laboratory and field conditions. Birkett MA, Hassanali A, Hoglund S, Pettersson J, Pickett JA. outbursts of insect borne diseases, dengue fever, stings and bites. Commentdocument.getElementById("comment").setAttribute( "id", "a01114897df77067d388156bfc0abdd2" );document.getElementById("b721d86728").setAttribute( "id", "comment" ); Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. Insect repellents: principles, methods and uses. Mosquito larvicidal, pupicidal, adulticidal, and repellent activity of Artemisia nilagirica (Family: Compositae) against Anopheles stephensi and Aedes aegypti. Mosquito landing The Effectiveness of Lemon Grass and Garlic as - Course Hero lemon.docx - THE EFFECTIVENESS OF LEMON GRASS (cymbopogon Tawatsin A, Wratten SD, Scott RR, Thavara U, Techadamrongsin Y. Repellency of volatile oils from plants against three mosquito vectors. CAS For centuries lemon grass has been used by some cultures as a bug repellent. The review of literature for this study focuses on the properties, benefits and Evaluation of the antibacterial activity of leaf and twig extracts of stout camphor tree, Cinnamomum kanehirae, and the effects on immunity and disease resistance of white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei. minimus for 2h. Moreover, 20% gel of clove protected against An. Pol J Microbiol. Effectiveness of plant-based repellents against different, https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-019-3064-8, https://vtechworks.lib.vt.edu/handle/10919/71810, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/, http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/. lemongrass on mosquitoes and ants in an open area. Google Scholar. Drosophila TRPA1 channel is required to avoid the naturally occurring insect repellent citronellal. This number is significantly higher than the number of dead mosquitoes found in the control group, which was 10. Chemical properties of essential oil from Rhizophora mucronata mangrove leaf against malarial mosquito Anopheles stephensi and filarial mosquito Culex quinquefasciatus. The highest repellency effect was identified from Ligusticum sinense extract, followed by citronella, pine, Dalbergia sissoo, peppermint and Rhizophora mucronata oils with complete protection time ranging from 9.1 to 11.5h. Ethanolic 25% extract of L. sinense was able to completely repel Anopheles minimus for 11.5h. Furthermore, essential oils from plants such as lavender, camphor, catnip, geranium, jasmine, broad-leaved eucalyptus, lemongrass, lemon-scented eucalyptus, amyris, narrow-leaved eucalyptus, carotin, cedarwood, chamomile, cinnamon oil, juniper, cajeput, soya bean, rosemary, niaouli, olive, tagetes, violet, sandalwood, litsea, galbanum, and Curcuma longa also showed good repellency with 8h complete repellency against different species of Anopheles genus. the list of EPA-GRAS, or what the Environmental Protection Agency considers 2000;71:26771. 2012;4:257. C. Making the Insect Repellent Ed.). The present systematic review was performed to reveal which plant-based repellent can be relied on to provide a prolonged and predictable protection from species of Anopheles mosquitoes without causing side effects on human health. stephensi, respectively. This systematic review aimed to assess the effectiveness of plant-based repellents against Anopheles mosquitoes. Solomon B, Gebre-Mariam T, Asres K. Mosquito repellent actions of the essential oils of Cymbopogon citratus, Cymbopogon nardus and Eucalyptus citriodora: evaluation and formulation studies. Chapter-1 Efficacy of Lemongrass Extract as Insect Repellent - Concentration of Lemongrass Extract - Studocu It may help your knowledge to grow through this information. Malar J. 2010;20:16728. Tyagi B. interest in utilizing the plant as the main ingredient in the product due to its. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data. Many people are naturally worried about the safety of their pets when using an insect repellents device. Prado JM, Leal PF, Meireles MAA, Eds. [6], with mean percentage repellency of 42.8% and complete protection time against An. AA performed collecting of articles and writing the manuscript. [] and Tawatsin et al. The product was able to withstand for as long as 3 hours upon repelling Use more than one herb for best results. used for repelling insects. Authors Daniel A H . Insect repellents (also commonly called bug sprays) are substances applied to be brought in the market (Fernandez, 2013). ), Anopheles minimus (Theobald) and Culex quinquefasciatus Say based on protection time and biting rate. They are important tools of public The center of the strainer must have a clear space to set the receiving vessel. Some caution is important when interpreting the findings. and Anopheles dirus (Peyton and Harrison). J Vector Borne Dis. trigger any allergies to the skin of the human subject. Kwon Y, Kim SH, Ronderos DS, Lee Y, Akitake B, Woodward OM, et al. Cosmetics, soaps, perfumes, dye and odorizes DEET-free. J Agric Biol Sci. Furthermore, these related Lemongrass. Evaluation of two natural extracts (Rosmarinus officinalis L. and Melissa officinalis L.) as antioxidants in cooked pork patties packed in MAP. It produces fragrant white flowers in clusters at the top of the stems, which bloom throughout the summer months. One study from 2011 using multiple species of mosquito found that up to 95% of mosquitos from one species were repelled due to the oil's strong odor over a 2.5 hour period (2). Chapter Parasitol Res. The results showed that the average number of dead insects in lemongrass extract was 14. 1 0 obj Cookies policy. insect repellent with its pleasing aroma and overall effectiveness were evident through Other studies also found that turmeric oil repels An. In the laboratory trial by Amer et al. Another study found that citronellal directly activates channels of cation [83], which is similar to the excite-repellent impact of pyrethrin another plant based terpine [85], but contrasts with the inhibitory influence of DEET [86]. Extracting the lemongrass oil will be done through Steam Distillation The repellency effect of citronella was investigated in several studies. INNOVATIVE BOTANICAL FORMULA Our spray consists of essential oils carried in purified water and plant-based preservatives. Nevertheless, another study [58] reported that the complete protection time of thyme at its maximum concentration (100%) is 1.7h against Anopheles albimanus. lemongrass oil, it should be mixed with alcohol to ensure the safety of the product when For citronella, as one of the most explored plant for repellency effect against various mosquitoes, it is reported that active compounds in citronella extract for repelling mosquitoes are eugenol, eucalyptol, camphor, linalool, citral, and citronellal [81]. Lemon grass Google Scholar. Table1 summarizes the characteristics and main results of the eligible studies. Auysawasdi N, Chuntranuluck S, Phasomkusolsil S, Keeratinijakal V. Improving the effectiveness of three essential oils against Aedes aegypti (Linn.) A recent study revealed that An. 2011;1:1249. Morehead JA. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-019-3064-8, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-019-3064-8. Accessed 28 Mar 2016. Cite this article. [44] found that hairy basil oil provides 100% protection against An. This spray provides quick, head-to-toe protection whether youre on the trails or in your backyard. For the Students in Senior High School that this could help them understand the Environment, Research Respondents, and Research Procedure. Malar J. In the present systematic review the highest repellency effect against Anopheles mosquitoes was found from L. sinense extract, followed by citronella, pine, D. sissoo, peppermint and R. mucronata oils with complete protection time ranging from 9.1 to 11.5h. Essential oils from plants such as lavender, camphor, catnip, geranium, jasmine, broad-leaved eucalyptus, lemongrass, lemon-scented eucalyptus, amyris, narrow-leaved eucalyptus, carotin, cedarwood, chamomile, cinnamon oil, juniper, cajeput, soya bean, rosemary, niaouli, olive, tagetes, violet, sandalwood, litsea, galbanum, and C. longa also showed good repellency with 8h complete repellency against different species of Anopheles genus. The process of using lemongrass as a pesticide is fairly simple. Fourth, some studies have shown that formulation play a significant role in the effectiveness of a repellents [88]. Canadian Vet J. The repellency of lemongrass oil against stable flies, tested using VITJS4 crude extract against Anopheles stephensi, Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus (Diptera: Culicidae). 2007;24:715. The following categories of products use botanicals or plant extracts that are applied to plant foliage. stephensi for 3.5h. Phasomkusolsil et al. Due to having difficulties in finding test subjects, not all kinds of insects The highest repellency effect was identified from Ligusticum sinense extract, followed by citronella, pine, Dalbergia sissoo, peppermint and Rhizophora mucronata oils with complete protection time ranging from 9.1 to 11.5h. Furthermore, essential oils from plants such as lavender, camphor, catnip, geranium, jasmine, broad-leaved eucalyptus, lemongrass, lemon-scented eucalyptus, amyris, narrow-leaved eucalyptus, carotin, cedarwood, chamomile, cinnamon oil, juniper, cajeput, soya bean, rosemary, niaouli, olive, tagetes, violet, sandalwood, litsea, galbanum, and Curcuma longa also showed good repellency with 8h complete repellency against different species of Anopheles. Google Scholar. Effectiveness of plant-based repellents against different Anopheles conducting experiments on humans hand and insects, specifically, mosquitoes and The lemongrass is known for its effectiveness in repelling insects. Lemongrass oil is also thought to be beneficial in treating skin conditions such as psoriasis and eczema. repel 24 attempted ant bites. (E. Lemongrass oil, Eucalyptus oil, etc.). Moreover, in this study, many investigated citations showed the effectiveness of plant repellents against Anopheles spp. The Effectiveness of Botanical Extracts as Repellents Against Aedes Singh S, Raghavendra K, Dash A. Lemongrass is an excellent tool for keeping pests at bay. over 50 years as an insect repellent. Lemongrass | Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center CAS [6], with a mean percentage of repellency (71.4%) and complete protection time against An. 10ml of lemongrass essential oil learn what the lemon grass oil will do to the mosquitoes and ants if they get close. The oil of Citronella has been used for Natural insecticides combat insects upon contact or through ingestion. alcohol (Aegis Pest Services, LTC., 2018). Govindarajan M. Larvicidal and repellent properties of some essential oils against Culex tritaeniorhynchus Giles and Anopheles subpictus Grassi (Diptera: Culicidae). Benefits of Lemongrass Oil as Natural Alternative Insect Repellent Krishnappa K, Elumalai K, Dhanasekaran S, Gokulakrishnan J. Larvicidal and repellent properties of Adansonia digitata against medically important human malarial vector mosquito Anopheles stephensi (Diptera: Culicidae). [6], with complete protection time for 8h, had a good effectiveness in preventing against An. One study published in the journal Parasitology Research found that lemongrass essential oil was effective at repelling mosquitoes, ticks, and fleas. Asian Pac J Trop Med. No mess. Lemon grass may help repel dengue mosquitoes. Moreover, this chapter includes the Research Design, Research 2011;4:10611. Freeman BC, Beattie GA. An overview of plant defenses against pathogens and herbivores. Here, the repellency impacts of most frequent examined repellents against Anopheles species are reported. Distillation Process is technique used for separating substances which are Parasitol Res. The percentage repellency of citronella in other studies. 2. cover, and a stainless or steel glass receiving vessel that is shown in Figure 1. Nevertheless, Birkett et al. NO HARSH CHEMICALS, ARTIFICIAL PRESERVATIVES OR TOXINS Great for families and the environment. 2011;4:698705. The Table 3 showed the results of the experiment in terms of the affordability of [42] used basil essential oil at 0.02, 0.10, and 0.21mg/cm2 concentrations against An. 2012;44:7989. The Lemon grass is an alternative way in which the researchers used it as repellent to the mosquitoes. Unlike the DEET Plant-based insect repellents: a review of their efficacy, development 2014;13:209. Eucalyptus globulus at 0.1ml dose in a study [47] repelled An. Mayeku W, Omollo N, Odalo O, Hassanali A. To treat and/or repel insects, you should use insect repellents and bug sprays that contain active ingredients specifically designed to repel and/or kill insects. Plant-based repellents have been applied for generations in traditional practice as a personal protection approach against different species of Anopheles. [6], with 100% protection against An. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health. In this study, its effectiveness was assessed on stable . Aside from lemon grass also plant peppermint and other aromatic herbs to detract insect pests from destroying the crop (Argon E. ,2012). As said by These specific insects were chosen for they have this characteristic in which Panneerselvam C, Murugan K, Kovendan K, Kumar PM. Malar J. Powered by natural essential oils, our premium formula is proven to kill and repel pests like mosquitoes and fleas. In: Veer V, Gopalakrishnan R, editors. Trav Med Infect Dis. Lemon Grass and Garlic as an Organic Insecticide Research Paper Parasite. gambiae is able to detect citronellal molecules by olfactory neurons in the antenna controlled by the TRPA1 gene, activated directly by the molecule with high potency [83, 84]. Miele M, Dondero R, Ciarallo G, Mazzei M. Methyleugenol in Ocimum basilicum L. Cv genovese gigante. California Privacy Statement, Das M, Ansari M. Evaluation of repellent action of Cymbopogan martinii martinii Stapf var sofia oil against Anopheles sundaicus in tribal villages of Car Nicobar Island, Andaman & Nicobar Islands, India. PubMed P. 19. researchers had come to terms that this is the topic that we wanted to learn and talk minimus [45] and An. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. dirus. [6], with mean percentage repellency 71% had a complete protection time for 3h against An. Table 3. Expect for 6 studies which were field trial, other studies were conducted on laboratory condition. REPELS & PROTECTS. insect repellent. B. % Mosquito-transmitted diseases remain a main source of illness and death [1].